Despite the efforts of Emmanuel Macron’s predecessor to reduce the share of nuclear power in electricity production, the goal has not been achieved. François Hollande made a promise during his 2012 campaign to decrease the percentage of electricity produced by nuclear plants to 50%, but was unable to fulfill it. After two terms and the closure of a power plant in 2020, the current President has shifted direction. Rather than intentionally reducing the share of electricity produced by nuclear plants, which was 64.8% in 2023, the government now plans to build six new reactors known as EPR 2.
The new models will be a simplified version of the existing Flamanville EPR, with pairs planned for construction in Penly and Gravelines by 2035 and in Bugey by 2040. However, financing challenges persist for these projects, with initial cost estimates for the program revised upwards from 51.7 billion euros in 2021 to 67.4 billion euros due to inflation and material costs. Despite this obstacle, President Emmanuel Macron remains determined to pursue his ambitions for nuclear energy production. Plans are also underway for another program to construct eight additional EPR 2 reactors in the future, but resolving issues related to waste disposal and dismantling of older power plants will be crucial for its success. The government is committed to advancing its nuclear energy agenda despite these challenges.