As wildfires become more frequent and extensive in Canada, the health risks associated with wildfire smoke are becoming increasingly important to understand. An article published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) aims to provide clinicians and people in Canada with essential information as the wildfire season approaches. With climate change causing more frequent and severe wildfires, the impact of wildfire smoke on human health is becoming a growing concern.
Exposure to wildfire smoke has been linked to negative health outcomes, including respiratory conditions such as asthma and heart issues. Fine particulate matter in wildfire smoke can be more toxic than other types of air pollution, with particles able to travel over 1000 km and cause inflammation in body organs. The Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is an effective tool for communicating the risk of wildfire smoke, with a score of 7 or higher indicating that at-risk individuals should minimize outdoor activity during strenuous exercise.
Health care providers play a crucial role in helping people understand the health risks associated with wildfire smoke. Clinicians should discuss the risks with at-risk patients, educate them about the usefulness of the AQHI, and advise on indoor air filtration systems. Additionally, ensuring that patients with respiratory conditions have updated action plans and adequate supplies of medications is essential. By reducing exposure to wildfire smoke, individuals can reduce their health risks by staying indoors, using high-efficiency particulate air cleaners, and wearing N95 or KN95 masks when outside.