Lightweight Genes Linked to Alcoholism and Other Health Conditions: Study Sheds Light on the Role of SNPs

A new study has shed light on how genes can protect against heavy drinking. While these genes are known to help prevent alcoholism, they may also be linked to other health conditions. Scientists analyzed over 3 million genetic records and focused on variations in genetic code known as SNPs, which have previously been associated with lower alcohol consumption and a reduced risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD). These “lightweight genes” can cause unpleasant reactions to alcohol, like nausea, serving as a deterrent to overconsumption.

The research led by a group at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine suggests that these genes may also be involved in other health areas. The team found links to heart disease and mental health issues, but further investigation is needed to fully understand these connections. The study was published in the Lancet eBioMedicine.

According to the corresponding author and associate professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, individuals with a minor allele variant of the SNP convert ethanol to acetaldehyde very quickly, causing negative effects like nausea that overshadow any pleasurable effects of alcohol. The study classified individuals into European, Latin American, and African American groups based on genetic data.