In 2011, Edward Snowden, a contractor working for the National Security Agency (NSA), revealed that America and its allies were collecting worldwide communications. Snowden’s disclosure caused intelligence agencies to worry about the consequences of his actions, but it turned out that the impact was not as severe as initially feared. While agencies were no longer able to access all the data they previously could, they could still gather a significant amount of intelligence.
Over the past two decades, signals intelligence (SIGINT) has evolved significantly due to the internet replacing traditional forms of communication and most internet traffic now being encrypted. Data is now stored in new locations such as the cloud, and the interconnected nature of computer networks has blurred the lines between cyber-espionage and cyber-attacks. This has reshaped the identity of SIGINT agencies, but they remain powerful intelligence-gathering entities.
The integration of technology into various aspects of daily life, from cars to power grids to military systems, has created new challenges for SIGINT agencies as they adapt to these changes. The evolution of SIGINT has been driven by advances in technology and an increased focus on gathering information from digital sources. As a result, SIGINT agencies have become more agile and responsive to changing threats in the digital landscape.